Study note + questions
Synonyms and word richness: word meanings, one-letter words and loan words
By TNPSC Guide editorial team · Last updated:
Key numbers
Class 6 and class 7 lists
| Inbattamil (class 6, page 2) | nirumiththa: created; vilaivu: growth; samoogam: a group of people; asathi: tiredness |
|---|---|
| Tamilkkummi (class 6, page 5) | oozhi: a very long age; ullappoottu: the ignorance of the mind; aazhipperukku: a sea flood; medhini: the world |
| Silappathikaram (class 6, page 27) | thingal: the moon; kongu: pollen; alar: blossoming; thigiri: the wheel of command; meru: the Himalaya; naamaneer: the fearsome sea; ali: compassion |
| Kaani nilam (class 6, page 29) | kaani: a word for a land measure; maadangal: the storeys of a mansion; siththam: the mind |
| Ariviyal Aathichoodi (class 6, page 53) | iyandravarai: as far as one can; orumiththu: united; audatham: medicine |
| Engal Tamil (class 7, page 2) | ookkividum: encourages; kuri: aim; viratham: a vow of fasting; pozhigira: giving |
| Ondralla irandalla (class 7, page 5) | oppumai: an equal; mugil: cloud; arputham: wonder; ubakaari: a generous giver |
| Kaadu (class 7, page 27) | eendru: giving; kaliththida: to rejoice; kombu: branch; nachcharavam: a venomous snake; athimathuram: great sweetness; viduthi: a place to stay |
| Puli thangiya kugai (class 7, page 52) | sitril: a small house; yaandu: where; kal alai: a rock cave; eendra vayiru: the womb that bore |
| Paanjai valam (class 7, page 55) | sooran: a hero; vaaranam: elephant; pokkisham: wealth; pari: horse; saasthi: abundance; singaaram: beauty; visthaaram: a wide expanse; kamugu: areca |
Class 8 lists
| Tamilmozhi vaazhthu (class 8, page 2) | nirantharam: for all time; vanmozhi: a rich language; vaippu: a stretch of land; isai: fame; soozhkali: the darkness of ignorance around; thollai: antiquity, and trouble |
|---|---|
| Tamilmozhi marabu (class 8, page 5) | visumbu: sky; marabu: custom; mayakkam: a mixture; thirithal: changing; vazhaaamai: not failing; thazhaaal: embracing |
| Konakkaaththu paattu (class 8, page 27) | mugil: cloud; vinnam: damage; kedikalangi: deeply distressed; kaalan: Yama; segaram: a crowd; meththa: very |
| Padai vezham (class 8, page 145) | marali: Kaalan; kari: elephant; pilam, muzhai: a mountain cave; thooru: a bush; aruvar: Tamils; iraignchinar: bowed; vazhivar: slip away and run; udandrana: rose in anger |
| Uyirkkunangal (class 8, page 192) | nirai: excellence; azhukkaaru: envy; porai: patience; matham: a doctrine; pochchaappu: tiredness; igal: enmity; maiyal: desire; mannum: lasting; oorppu: weighing and understanding |
Class 9 lists
| Periyapuranam (class 9, pages 40-41) | maa: a bee; mathu: honey; vaavi: a pond; tharalam: pearl; panilam: conch; kazhai: sugarcane; kaa: a grove; methi: buffalo; surivalai: conch; veeri: honey; pagadu: a male buffalo; simayam: a mountain top |
|---|---|
| Periyapuranam, names of trees (class 9, page 41) | naaligeram: the coconut palm; narantham: the naaraththai tree; kooli: the peepal tree; saalam: the aachaa tree; thamaalam: the pachchilai tree; irumboonthu: a stout palmyra; santhu: the sandal tree; kaanchi: the aatruppoovarasu tree |
| Manimekalai (class 9, page 69) | paadaimaakkal: people who speak many languages; thoom: a fault; kootti: an assembly hall; polam: gold; thoonam: a pillar; thaamam: a garland; vasi: rain; setram: anger; kalaam: war |
| Kudumba vilakku (class 9, pages 130-131) | kalarnilam: untilled land; vaiyam: the world; maakkadal: the great sea; thanal: fire; thaazhi: a cooking pot; aniththu: near; yaandum: always |
| Ravana kaaviyam (class 9, pages 157-158) | maivanam: hill paddy; murugiyam: the kurinji drum; saantham: sandal; poovai: the naaganavaai bird; kadaru: forest; uzhai: a kind of deer; kurulai: a cub; kal: mountain; murugu: honey, fragrance, beauty; seru: a field; karikkuruththu: elephant tusk; thuvarai: coral; marai: the lotus flower; mathiyam: the moon |
| Seevaka Sindhamani (class 9, page 186) | thengu: coconut; isai: fame; varukkai: jackfruit; maalvarai: a great mountain; kozhunithi: gathered wealth; maruppu: horn; veri: fragrance; kazhani: a field |
| Muthollayiram (class 9, page 189) | allal: mud; pazhanam: a field full of water; vereei: fearing; paarppu: a chick; nanthu: conch; kamugu: areca; muththam: pearl |
Class 10 lists
| Mullaippaattu (class 10, page 34) | nananthalai ulagam: the wide world; nemi: a wheel; koodu: mountain; kodunchelavu: going fast; naruvee: fragrant flowers; thooui: scattering; virichchi: a good word; suval: shoulder |
|---|---|
| Malaipadukadaam (class 10, page 56) | asaii: resting; algi: staying; kadumbu: kin; naralum: sounding; aari: rarity; padugar: a hollow; vayiriyam: dancers; vevai: something cooked; iradi: thinai millet; pommal: cooked rice |
| Paripaadal (class 10, page 84) | visumbu: sky; oozhi: an age (yugam); oozh: order; thanpeyal: cool rain; peedu: excellence; eendi: crowding together |
| Thiruvilaiyaadar puranam (class 10, pages 107-109) | kelviyinaan: a man learned in books; kenmaiyinaan: a friend; munivu: anger; thamar: relatives; neebavanam: the kadamba forest; meenavan: the Pandya king; kavari: a fly-whisk; nuvandra: said |
| Silappathikaram (class 10, page 169) | sunnam: scented powder; kaarugar: weavers (saaliyar); thoosu: silk; thugir: coral; verukkai: wealth; nodai: price; paasavar: betel sellers; oosunar: oil sellers; kannul vinaignar: painters; manneettaalar: sculptors; kizhi: cloth |
| Thembaavani (class 10, pages 212-213) | sekkai: a bed; yaakkai: the body; piniththu: tying; puzhai: a hole; kaan: forest; themba: to wither; uymurai: the way to live; padalai: a garland; thunar: flowers |
One meaning and its words (from the textbook lists)
| elephant | vaaranam (Paanjai valam), kari (Padai vezham) |
|---|---|
| conch | panilam, surivalai (Periyapuranam), nanthu (Muthollayiram) |
| honey | mathu, veeri (Periyapuranam), murugu (Ravana kaaviyam) |
| the world | medhini (Tamilkkummi), vaiyam (Kudumba vilakku) |
| mountain | kal (Ravana kaaviyam), koodu (Mullaippaattu) |
| anger | setram (Manimekalai), munivu (Thiruvilaiyaadar puranam) |
| tiredness | asathi (Inbattamil), pochchaappu (Uyirkkunangal) |
| aim | kuri (Engal Tamil), pootkai (Virivaagum aalumai) |
| the moon | thingal (Silappathikaram, class 6), mathiyam (Ravana kaaviyam) |
| sky | visumbu (Tamilmozhi marabu, Paripaadal) |
| cloud | mugil (Ondralla irandalla, Konakkaaththu paattu) |
| coral | thuvarai (Ravana kaaviyam), thugir (Silappathikaram, class 10) |
| pearl | tharalam (Periyapuranam), muththam (Muthollayiram) |
| field | seru (Ravana kaaviyam), kazhani (Seevaka Sindhamani); a field full of water is pazhanam (Muthollayiram) |
| forest | kadaru (Ravana kaaviyam), kaan (Thembaavani) |
| garland | thaamam (Manimekalai), padalai (Thembaavani) |
| wealth | verukkai (Silappathikaram, class 10), pokkisham (Paanjai valam) |
| Kaalan (Yama) | marali (Padai vezham); kaalan is Yama (Konakkaaththu paattu) |
| fragrance | veri (Seevaka Sindhamani), murugu (Ravana kaaviyam) |
| flowers | thunar (Thembaavani); fragrant flowers are naruvee (Mullaippaattu) |
Plant-part word series (class 10, pages 4-7)
| stem | thaal (paddy, ragi), thandu (greens, banana), kool (netti, chilli plant), thooru (shrubs, bushes), thattu or thattai (cumbu, cholam), kazhi (sugarcane), kazhai (bamboo), adi (tamarind, neem) |
|---|---|
| branch (largest to smallest) | kavai (the great branch that leaves the trunk), kombu or koppu, kilai, sinai, pooththu, kuchchu, inukku |
| dry wood | sulli (a dry twig), viragu (a dry small branch), venkazhi (a dry kazhi), kattai (dry kombu, kavai and trunk) |
| leaf | ilai (tamarind, neem), thaal (paddy, grass), thogai (cholam, sugarcane), oolai (coconut, palmyra), sandu (dry thaal and thogai), sarugu (a dry leaf) |
| shoot | thulir or thalir (paddy, grass), muri or kozhunthu (tamarind, neem), kuruththu (cholam, sugarcane, coconut, palmyra), kozhunthaadai (the tip of sugarcane) |
| stages of a flower | arumbu (appearing), poothu (starting to open), malar or alar (in bloom), vee (fallen from the plant), semmal (withered) |
| tender fruit | vadu (tender mango), moosu (tender jackfruit), kavvai (tender sesame), kurumbai (tender coconut and palmyra), ilaneer (unripe coconut), nuzhaai (tender areca), karukkal (tender paddy), kachchal (tender banana) |
| cluster | koththu (avarai, thuvarai), kulai (grapes), thaaru (a banana bunch), kathir (ragi, cholam), alagu or kural (paddy, thinai), seeppu (a hand of a banana bunch) |
| spoilt produce | soombal (shrunk at the tip), siviyal (a shrunken fruit), soththai (eaten by worms), vembal (a tender fruit ripened by heat), aliyal (an over-soft fruit), azhugal (soft and stinking), sondu (a chilli gone to chaff) |
| rind and husk | tholi (very thin), thool (firm), thoodu (hard), oodu (very hard), kudukkai (the shell of a gourd), mattai (the outer part of a ripe coconut), umi (paddy, cumbu), kommai (the husk of varagu and ragi) |
| grain and seed | koolam (grain such as paddy), payaru (avarai, ulundhu), vithai (brinjal, chilli), kaazh (tamarind, kaanjirai), muththu (neem, castor), kottai (mango, palmyra) |
| young plant | naatru (paddy, brinjal), kandru (mango, tamarind, banana), kuruththu (banana), pillai (coconut), kutti (young vilaa), madali or vadali (young palmyra), paingoozh (the green crop of paddy, cholam and the like) |
Key facts
| Kinds of words (by number of letters) | three: one-letter, two-letter, longer (class 8, page 14) |
|---|---|
| Tolkappiyar: one-letter words | seven long letters; a short letter alone is not a word (class 8, page 14) |
| Nannool: one-letter words | forty long letters, with no and thu forty-two (class 8, page 14) |
| Spread of the forty | vowels six, ma six, tha pa na five each, ka sa va four each, ya one (class 8, page 14) |
| Word-initial letters | 22: vowels 12, consonants 10 (class 11, page 18) |
| Stages of a flower | arumbu, poothu, malar (alar), vee, semmal (class 10, page 5) |
| Branch words (largest first) | kavai, kombu (koppu), kilai, sinai, pooththu, kuchchu, inukku (class 10, page 5) |
| Synonyms of "to say" | pesuthal, vilambuthal, sepputhal, uraiththal, kooral, iyambal, mozhithal (class 10, page 8) |
| Naavaai | became "navy" in English (class 9, page 15) |
| Pootkai | aim; "pootkaiyillon yaakkai pola" (Purananuru 69) (class 9, pages 233, 235) |
Easy to confuse
| Kazhai: bamboo / sugarcane | bamboo stem among stem words (class 10); sugarcane in the Periyapuranam list (class 9); read the question's context |
|---|---|
| Thaal: stem / leaf | the stem of paddy and ragi is thaal; the leaf of paddy and grass is also thaal |
| Kuruththu: shoot / young plant | the shoot of cholam, sugarcane, coconut and palmyra is kuruththu; so is the young banana |
| Maruppu / karikkuruththu | maruppu: horn (Seevaka Sindhamani); elephant tusk: karikkuruththu (Ravana kaaviyam); the 2025 matching question (question 61) paired maruppu with elephant tusk |
| Vee / semmal | vee: a fallen flower; semmal: a withered flower; do not swap them |
| Tholi / oodu | hardness order: tholi (very thin), thool, thoodu, oodu (very hard) |
| Koodu: mountain / tank bank | mountain in Mullaippaattu; tank bank in Periyapuranam |
| Polam: gold / beauty | gold in Manimekalai; beauty in Ravana kaaviyam (both class 9) |
| Isai: music / fame | not only music; fame in the class 8 Tamilmozhi vaazhthu and the class 9 Seevaka Sindhamani |
| Oozhi: an age / yugam | a very long age (class 6); yugam (class 10) |
| Setram / kenmai | setram: anger (class 9, Manimekalai); the 2025 antonym question (question 3) keyed kenmai (friendship) |
| Seven / forty-two | seven long letters is Tolkappiyar's count; forty long and the short no and thu make Nannool's forty-two |
| Pokkisham / selvam | the pure Tamil word is selvam; the grantha form is not the answer |
The full note
The question types of 2025
In 2025 the word-meaning matching type alone came four times (questions 22, 58, 61 and 62); in questions 58 and 62 sound-alike words (nna/na and ntha/na: ண/ன, ந/ன) were the traps. The same year asked the meaning of one word (pootkai, question 44), two meanings of a word (question 16), one word with two meanings (question 65), an equivalent word (question 68; disputed answer key), three synonyms for "mountain" (question 70), filling in a noun (question 67), the odd word out (question 18), the source language of a loan word (question 42) and spotting the Tamil word (question 54). So these notes start with the word lists, then go to synonyms, many meanings, odd one out, word richness, one-letter words and loan words.
Word and meaning: the textbook lists
In the textbooks, poem lessons end with a "sollum porulum" list of hard words. These lists suit word-meaning questions: 2024 question 4 asked "nananthalai ulagam" (a wide world), the very phrase of the Mullaippaattu list. But 15 of the 16 words of the 2025 matching questions are not in the lists of these notes. Say each word with its meaning aloud, as a pair: mugil, cloud. When the sky darkens in the Aippasi monsoon, say "mugil thirandathu"; the word will stay. Some words come in the lists of two classes: mugil, cloud (classes 7 and 8); visumbu, sky (classes 8 and 10); kamugu, areca (classes 7 and 9); isai, fame (classes 8 and 9). Learn these first.
Pootkai: the word asked in 2025
Pootkai means aim. The class 9 book explains that the line "pootkaiyillon yaakkai pola" (Purananuru 69) holds that a man without an aim is a mere lump of flesh, and calls the Kural's pootkaimagan a man of purpose. In that line yaakkai means the body (class 10, Thembaavani). The class 7 list also gives kuri for aim.
Many words for one meaning
For the one meaning "to say" the book gives pesuthal, vilambuthal, sepputhal, uraiththal, kooral, iyambal and mozhithal. Put the lists of different books together and many such series appear; the table below collects them. Nobody at home calls honey veeri, but poems do. So, for "which word means the same?", keep the words of all the books together in mind. In 2025 the paper asked three synonyms for "mountain"; the answer was verpu, silambu and poruppu (question 70, final answer key), and none of the three is in the lists of these notes. In these lists kal (Ravana kaaviyam) and koodu (Mullaippaattu) both mean mountain, and maalvarai is a great mountain (Seevaka Sindhamani).
Many meanings for one word
Some words change meaning with the place they come from. Murugu: honey, fragrance, beauty. Koodu: mountain (Mullaippaattu), a tank bank (Periyapuranam). Oozhi: a very long age (class 6), a yugam (class 10). Polam: gold (Manimekalai), beauty (Ravana kaaviyam), both class 9. Isai is not only music; it also means fame. Thollai: antiquity, and trouble. Maa: a bee (Periyapuranam); greatness in maanaadu, maanilam, maagnaalam; an animal in arimaa, parimaa, narimaa, varimaa, karimaa. Kazhai: the stem of bamboo among stem words (class 10), sugarcane in the Periyapuranam list (class 9). Mozhi also means a word, and sol also means paddy. In daily speech thollai means only trouble; in the class 8 Tamilmozhi vaazhthu it also means antiquity. So look at which poem the question takes the word from.
Example: Murugu: a word with many meanings
Give the meanings of the word murugu.
- Recall the list it is in: class 9, Ravana kaaviyam.
- The meanings given there: honey, fragrance, beauty.
- If the question asks for two meanings, choose the option whose two meanings both come from this list; an option with any other meaning is wrong.
Answer: honey, fragrance, beauty.
Finding the odd word out
Of four words, three share one meaning and one does not. Write the meaning next to each word first; once the shared meaning is clear, pick the word that differs. In 2024 one other word was placed among words for the sea; in 2025 the odd word was asked on meaning. It is like sorting vaazhaikkaai, kaththarikkaai, avaraikkaai and maambazham at the market: which is not a vegetable? If a word with many meanings (like murugu) is among the options, think of all its meanings.
Example: Odd word out: panilam, surivalai, nanthu, tharalam
Which is the odd word out: panilam, surivalai, nanthu, tharalam?
- Write the meanings: panilam, conch; surivalai, conch (Periyapuranam); nanthu, conch (Muthollayiram); tharalam, pearl (Periyapuranam).
- Three words mean conch.
- Only one means pearl.
Answer: tharalam.
Word richness: Tamil words for the parts of plants
In the class 10 essay "Tamilchol valam", Paavaanar quotes Caldwell: Tamil scholars clearly see that the other Dravidian dictionaries lack the synonym series that Tamil has. Where English has one word for leaf, Tamil common people split it into thaal, ilai, thogai and oolai. In a garden, name each: the thaal of paddy, the ilai of neem, the thogai of sugarcane, the oolai of the coconut. Read the series below in full and in the book's order; among the stages of a flower, do not swap vee (the fallen flower) and semmal (the withered flower).
One-letter words
Words are divided into three by letters: one-letter, two-letter and longer words (class 8, Sorpoonga). "Nettezhuththu ezhe oorezhuththu orumozhi" is Tolkappiyar's statement: seven long letters are one-letter words; he also says "kutrezhuththu ainthum mozhiniraipu ilave", that a short letter alone is not a word. Nannool says forty long letters are one-letter words, and with the short no and thu, forty-two. Of the forty, six are in the vowel row (aa, ee, oo, ae, ai, oa), six in the ma row, five each in the tha, pa and na rows, four each in the ka, sa and va rows, and one in the ya row (yaa). In a count question, check whose count it asks: seven long letters is Tolkappiyar; forty-two is Nannool.
One-letter words joining and wearing down
The one-letter words poo and kaa join into poongaa; kaa means a grove (Periyapuranam). Aa and maa join into aamaa (the wild cow). Maa means greatness in maanaadu, maanilam, maagnaalam, and an animal in arimaa, parimaa, narimaa, varimaa, karimaa. Some words wore down to one letter over time: aan to aa, maan to maa, koon to koo, theen to thee, pey to pe. The arrow that is shot became ae; archery is aekalai, archers are eyinar and their women eyiniyar. When you see a "poongaa" board in town, remember the two one-letter words poo and kaa. In 2024 the meaning of a one-letter word was asked; its answer key is disputed.
Loan words and Tamil words
Spoken Tamil uses many loan words; written Tamil mostly keeps the language pure (class 7). The class 11 book separates the Tamil words kaaviri, paavai, koothai from the loan words damaaram, rekkai, raakki, dappaa. There are 22 word-initial letters (12 vowels, 10 consonants); a word that begins with any other letter is a loan word or a transliteration. Tamil words have also gone abroad: Sangam poems name the ships naavaai, vangam, thooni and kalam, and naavaai became "navy" in English. For turning a loan phrase into Tamil, the book's example is "gold biscuit": thangak katti. The class 7 list gives pokkisham: wealth, saasthi: abundance, visthaaram: a wide expanse; if asked for the pure Tamil word, the answer is selvam, miguthi, perumparappu, never the form with grantha letters. At a shop we say dappaa; when writing, remember it is a loan word.
Source: தமிழ், பத்தாம் வகுப்பு (Tamil, Standard X; Samacheer Kalvi) (10ஆம் வகுப்புத் தமிழ், இயல் 1 தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம், பக்கம் 4-8, சொல்லும் பொருளும் பக்கம் 34, 56, 84, 107-109, 150, 169, 212-213; 8ஆம் வகுப்புத் தமிழ், இயல் 1 சொற்பூங்கா, பக்கம் 14-16, சொல்லும் பொருளும் பக்கம் 2, 5, 27, 145, 192; 6ஆம் வகுப்புத் தமிழ் (முதல் பருவம்), பக்கம் 2, 5, 27, 29, 53; 7ஆம் வகுப்புத் தமிழ் (முதல் பருவம்), பக்கம் 2, 5, 11, 27, 52, 55; 9ஆம் வகுப்புத் தமிழ், பக்கம் 15, 40-41, 69, 130-131, 157-158, 186, 189, 233, 235; 11ஆம் வகுப்புத் தமிழ், இயல் 1 இலக்கணம், பக்கம் 17-18)
PYQ (2012-2025 papers)
- 2025 · G4 · Question 16 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 18 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 22 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 42 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 44 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 54 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 58 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 61 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 62 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 65 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 67 · Final answer key
- 2025 · G4 · Question 68 · Disputed answer key: no answer is shown
- 2025 · G4 · Question 70 · Final answer key
- 2024 · G4 · Question 4 · Final answer key
- 2024 · G4 · Question 58 · Final answer key
- 2024 · G4 · Question 76 · Final answer key
- 2022 · G4 · Question 13 · Final answer key
- 2022 · G4 · Question 83 · Final answer key
- 2019 · G4 · Question 19 · Final answer key
- 2019 · G4 · Question 48 · Final answer key
- 2019 · G4 · Question 67 · Final answer key
- 2018 · G4 · Question 25 · Final answer key
- 2018 · G4 · Question 31 · Final answer key
- 2018 · G4 · Question 34 · Final answer key
- 2018 · G4 · Question 40 · Disputed answer key: no answer is shown
- 2018 · G4 · Question 41 · Final answer key
- 2018 · G4 · Question 92 · Final answer key
- 2018 · G4 · Question 100 · Final answer key
- 2016 · G4 · Question 3 · Final answer key
- 2016 · G4 · Question 8 · Final answer key
- 2016 · G4 · Question 24 · Final answer key
- 2016 · G4 · Question 27 · Final answer key
- 2016 · G4 · Question 61 · Final answer key
- 2016 · G4 · Question 79 · Final answer key
- 2016 · VAO · Question 26 · Final answer key
- 2016 · VAO · Question 74 · Final answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 111 · Provisional answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 142 · Provisional answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 150 · Provisional answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 174 · Provisional answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 175 · Provisional answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 181 · Provisional answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 194 · Provisional answer key
- 2012 · G4 · Question 199 · Provisional answer key
Provisional key: until TNPSC publishes the final key; the answer may change.
Free questions
Question 1
அடிமரத்தினின்று பிரியும் கிளைப்பிரிவுச் சொற்களைப் பெரியதிலிருந்து சிறியது வரை சரியாக வரிசைப்படுத்தியுள்ளது எது?
- A. கொம்பு, கவை, கிளை, சினை, போத்து, குச்சு, இணுக்கு
- B. கவை, கொம்பு, சினை, கிளை, போத்து, இணுக்கு, குச்சு
- C. இணுக்கு, குச்சு, போத்து, சினை, கிளை, கொம்பு, கவை
- D. கவை, கொம்பு, கிளை, சினை, போத்து, குச்சு, இணுக்கு
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. கவை, கொம்பு, கிளை, சினை, போத்து, குச்சு, இணுக்கு
பாடநூல் கிளைப்பிரிவுகளைப் பெரியதிலிருந்து சிறியது வரை கவை, கொம்பு (கொப்பு), கிளை, சினை, போத்து, குச்சு, இணுக்கு என வரிசைப்படுத்துகிறது.
Source: தமிழ், பத்தாம் வகுப்பு (Tamil, Standard X; Samacheer Kalvi) (இயல் 1 தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் (உரைநடை), p. 5 (PDF p. 15))
Question 2
தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் கட்டுரை, ஒருபொருட் பலசொல் வரிசைகள் பிற திராவிட மொழிகளின் அகராதிகளில் இல்லாக் குறை தமிழறிஞர்க்குத் தெளிவாகத் தோன்றும் என்ற கூற்றை யாருடையதாக எடுத்துக்காட்டுகிறது?
- A. தொல்காப்பியர்
- B. நன்னூலார்
- C. கால்டுவெல்
- D. பாவாணர்
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. கால்டுவெல்
தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் கட்டுரையில் பாவாணர், தமிழின் ஒருபொருட் பலசொல் வரிசைகள் பிற திராவிட மொழிகளின் அகராதிகளில் இல்லை என்ற கால்டுவெல்லின் கூற்றை எடுத்துக்காட்டுகிறார்.
Source: தமிழ், பத்தாம் வகுப்பு (Tamil, Standard X; Samacheer Kalvi) (இயல் 1 தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் (உரைநடை), p. 4 (PDF p. 14))
Question 3
நெல், கேழ்வரகு ஆகியவற்றின் அடிப்பகுதியைக் குறிக்கும் சொல் எது?
- A. தண்டு
- B. கோல்
- C. தாள்
- D. தூறு
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: C. தாள்
தாவர அடிவகைச் சொற்களுள் நெல், கேழ்வரகு ஆகியவற்றின் அடி தாள் எனப்படும்.
Source: தமிழ், பத்தாம் வகுப்பு (Tamil, Standard X; Samacheer Kalvi) (இயல் 1 தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் (உரைநடை), p. 4 (PDF p. 14))
Question 4
தாவர அடிவகைச் சொற்களுள் மூங்கிலின் அடியைக் குறிக்கும் சொல் எது?
- A. கழி
- B. தட்டை
- C. அடி
- D. கழை
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: D. கழை
10ஆம் வகுப்புத் தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் பாடம் மூங்கிலின் அடியைக் கழை என்கிறது. 9ஆம் வகுப்புப் பெரியபுராணச் சொல்லும் பொருளும் பகுதியில் கழை என்பதற்குக் கரும்பு என்ற பொருளும் உண்டு; வினாவின் சூழலைப் பார்த்தே விடை.
Source: தமிழ், பத்தாம் வகுப்பு (Tamil, Standard X; Samacheer Kalvi) (இயல் 1 தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் (உரைநடை), p. 5 (PDF p. 15))
Question 5
காய்ந்த குச்சு எவ்வாறு அழைக்கப்படும்?
- A. சுள்ளி
- B. விறகு
- C. வெங்கழி
- D. கட்டை
Answer and explanation
Correct answer: A. சுள்ளி
காய்ந்தவற்றின் பெயர்களுள் காய்ந்த குச்சு சுள்ளி எனப்படும்.
Source: தமிழ், பத்தாம் வகுப்பு (Tamil, Standard X; Samacheer Kalvi) (இயல் 1 தமிழ்ச்சொல் வளம் (உரைநடை), p. 5 (PDF p. 15))
Frequently asked questions
Give the meanings of the word murugu.
honey, fragrance, beauty.
Which is the odd word out: panilam, surivalai, nanthu, tharalam?
tharalam.
Sources
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